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Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol
2021-11-19
Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism and have also been considered as hepatomitogens. Recently, Yap has been shown to be activated by the mevalonate pathway, which is essential for the biosynthesis of isoprenoids and downstream cholesterol and bile acids (Sorrentino et al., 2014
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The transcription factor Nrf is a master regulator of
2021-11-19
The transcription factor Nrf2 is a master regulator of cytoprotective responses to endogenous and exogenous stresses caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and electrophiles [6]. Nrf2 promoter polymorphisms are significantly associated with the development of gastric mucosal inflammation, either in
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ICLs represent of all generated DNA adducts for cisplatin
2021-11-19
ICLs represent ICL Inducers in Cancer Therapy Nitrogen mustards with aromatic substituents (chlorambucil, melphalan) or a bioactivatable phosphoramide group (cyclophosphamide) were one of the first identified DNA crosslinkers. These agents are still used in combined schemes for the therapy of chr
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Two distinct mechanisms have been described for niacin s
2021-11-19
Two distinct mechanisms have been described for niacin’s macrophage-based actions [21,22]. First, niacin blocks recruitment of macrophages to atherosclerotic lesions. Second, niacin upregulates macrophage ABCA1 and ABCG1, transporters involved in reverse cholesterol transport. Upregulation of choles
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br Acknowledgement The author expresses her sincere apprecia
2021-11-19
Acknowledgement The author expresses her sincere appreciation to Brian P. Kenealy, Ph.D. for his contributions to the series of studies described in this article that were conducted during his tenure in the lab, as a graduate student first and then a postdoctoral research fellow. She also thanks
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The two competitive bivalent GlxI inhibitors polyBHG
2021-11-19
The two competitive bivalent GlxI inhibitors polyBHG2-62 (=1nM) and polyBHG2-54 (=0.3nM) () were designed based on the transition-state analog -(-bromophenyl--hydroxycarbamoyl) glutathione (BHG) by an examination of the X-ray crystal structure of human GlxI in complex with one CHG at each active sit
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Quercetin
2021-11-18
Materials and methods Results Discussion Quercetin is a relatively abundant bioactive flavonoid with a wide variety of documented physiological effects, which has gained popularity as a nutritional supplement [40]. There is increasing interest in quercetin's anticancer properties (for recen
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br Genetic rescue of GluR A dependent spatial working
2021-11-18
Genetic rescue of GluR-A-dependent spatial working memory Spatial working memory performance in GluR-A−/− mice can be restored by the forebrain-specific Miconazole of GluR-A subunits labeled with green-fluorescent protein (GFP) on an otherwise GluR-A knockout background (Schmitt et al., 2005). Th
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HC-030031 br Summary br Acknowledgement br GR A Nuclear
2021-11-18
Summary Acknowledgement GR: A Nuclear Receptor with Widespread Physiological Impact GR, or NR3C1 (see Glossary), is a transcription factor (TF) that regulates gene expression in nearly every cell of the body. A member of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily, its ligand-binding domain confe
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It was previously proposed that glucagon acts
2021-11-18
It was previously proposed that glucagon acts in the liver, in which a signal is produced and relayed to the Ursodiol via vagal nerves [8], [36], [37]. The concept that the liver is the primary target site was supported by the studies reporting that the glucagon receptor is localized in the liver b
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br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgements This w
2021-11-18
Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (NHMRC) (project grants [1061044], [1065410] and [1126857], and NHMRC program grant [1055134]); P.M.S. and A.C. are NHMRC Principal and Senior Principal Rese
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Given the actions of GIP analogues administered as a single
2021-11-18
Given the actions of GIP analogues administered as a single dose to ob/ob mice, studies were performed to assess their ability to act in vivo as antagonists of GIP-induced insulinotropic and antihyperglycaemic actions. (Ala3)GIP, (Phe3)GIP, (Tyr3)GIP and (Pro3)GIP all counteracted the glucose-loweri
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Due to the versatility of the ghrelin
2021-11-18
Due to the versatility of the ghrelin system and its multiple functions, dysregulation in some of the components of the ghrelin system, such as ghrelin, GOAT, and GHSR, might lead to pathogenesis of many endocrine-related diseases, including obesity, short stature, cancer, inflammatory, and cardiova
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Bile acids BAs are critical
2021-11-18
Bile acids (BAs) are critical for facilitating the rosmarinic acid sale of dietary lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins in the intestines [6], [7]. At physiological levels, BAs function as signaling molecules and activate specific nuclear receptors [farnesoid X receptor (FXR), pregnane X receptor, and
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foretinib receptor There are several basic science studies t
2021-11-18
There are several basic science studies that aim to investigate potential mechanisms behind the reduced incidence of MI in factor Xa inhibitor treated patients. Perzborn et al. reported that in-vitro addition of rivaroxaban reduced tissue-factor induced platelet aggregation (Perzborn, Heitmeier, & L
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