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The rapid actions of glucocorticoids range from the producti
2022-08-05
The rapid actions of glucocorticoids range from the production of endocannabinoid as a retrograde messenger [9], to regulation of ion channels [10], [11], to inhibitory effects on immune apelin receptor [12], [13], [14]. Many different kinase signaling pathways have been implicated in the rapid act
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It is notable that pharmacological
2022-08-05
It is notable that pharmacological or genetic inhibition of GCGR signaling results in the engagement of a number of compensatory mechanisms that potentially impact glucose control. These include alpha-cell hyperplasia [2], [11], [12], [13] and increased beta-cell proliferation under low insulin cond
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In the gastrointestinal GI tract CART expression has been de
2022-08-05
In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract CART expression has been described in the enteric nervous system in rats (Ekblad et al., 2003), pigs (Wierup et al., 2007), sheep (Arciszewski et al., 2009), guinea pigs (Ellis and Mawe, 2003) and humans (Kasacka et al., 2012). Less is known about CART expression i
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Although NCT undergoes complex glycosylation processing for
2022-08-05
Although NCT undergoes complex glycosylation processing for maturation through trafficking from endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi or additional compartments, the effect of NCT glycosylation on γ-secretase activity and substrate specificity is still unknown. The present study focused on glycosylation st
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imipramine hcl Overall while cART has significantly prolonge
2022-08-04
Overall, while cART has significantly prolonged life and ameliorated HIV-associated disease, HIV infection of the CNS still induces a number of cognitive, behavioral and motor symptoms, along with substantial neuropathology. Data show that the inflammatory processes driving neurological disease pers
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In summary our results support
2022-08-04
In summary, our results support the model that the histone demethylase KDM5 is a critical host transcriptional regulator that maintains immune homeostasis and is responsible for preservation of the normal commensal microbial community structure and behavior. Neurodevelopmental disorders such as ID a
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The neurotransmitter histamine plays a key role in
2022-08-04
The neurotransmitter histamine plays a key role in the sleep-wake cycle and in learning and memory. Alterations in Caspase-2 Fluorometric Assay Kit histamine levels are closely connected with central nervous system dysfunction, and are thought to contribute to neurological disorders, including Alzh
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Sometime ago we have described diamino triazines as histamin
2022-08-04
Sometime ago we have described diamino-1,3,5-triazines as histamine H4R ligands,12, 13 and aryl derivatives of the 1,3,5-triazine, which attenuated inflammatory and nociceptive response in vivo in the rodent models of inflammation induced by Milnacipran HCl receptor and zymosan. In this work we des
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Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer among
2022-08-04
Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, representing 30% of new cancer diagnoses. In addition, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women [1]. With regard to the risk of breast cancer, proper diagnosis and stratification of tumors for individuali
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br Conclusion br Conflict of interest br
2022-08-04
Conclusion Conflict of interest Introduction The human epithelial receptor 2 (HER2 or erbb2) is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of receptor tyrosine kinases that act through the EGF signaling cascade [1,2]. Approximately 20% of breast cancers overexpress HER2
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However HDACi can also increase the acetylation of
2022-08-04
However, HDACi can also increase the acetylation of other transcription factors that regulate p65 transcriptional activity. The HDACi-induced activation of p65 can be negated by acetylated STAT1, which can specifically bind to p65 and inhibit its transcriptional activity 81, 82, 83. Interestingly, a
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2022-08-04
Materials and methods Results Discussion Both EMT of the tubular epithelial LDE225 and the activation of fibroblasts are critical factors in the pathogenesis and progression of renal interstitial fibrosis. Accumulating evidence implicates EMT in the onset and pathogenesis of renal interstit
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Over the last years numerous studies gave insights into sGC
2022-08-04
Over the last 15 years, numerous studies gave insights into sGC activation and binding of activators: Photoaffinity labelling studies with cinaciguat suggested the N-terminus of the β1 subunit as target region for this new drug [17]. Schmidt et al. identified the amino acids tyrosine 135, serine 137
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br Rho family GTPases are molecular switches most which
2022-08-04
Rho-family GTPases are molecular switches; most which cycle from an ‘on’ GTP bound state to an ‘off’ GDP bound state, driven by GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) and GAPs (GTPase-activating proteins) respectively. Association with lipid membranes through a lipid (farnesyl or geranylgerany
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Like tBHQ and DEM treatment of Keap
2022-08-04
Like tBHQ and DEM, treatment of Keap1+/+ MEFs with SFN increased the abundance of Hmox1 and Nqo1 mRNA, and this was blunted by LY294002 and MK-2206 (Figure 2C). However, unlike the situation with tBHQ and DEM, treatment of Keap1−/− MEFs with SFN did not increase further the elevated basal levels of
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