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br HMGB proteins and chromatin
2023-10-24
HMGB proteins and chromatin structure The multifaceted roles played by HMGB (formerly called HMG-1 and -2) proteins in modulating chromatin structure, gene transcriptional activity and cellular phenotype have been covered in a number of recent reviews and readers are referred to these for in-dept
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Plant defensins are cysteine rich
2023-10-24
Plant defensins are cysteine-rich cationic peptides of 5–8 kDa whose mature domain comprises 45 to 54 amino 94 6 residues, with an isoelectric point around 9. The global fold of plant defensins consists of a cysteine-stabilized motif (CSα/β) made up of an α-helix and a triple-stranded β-sheet stabi
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Breast Cancer Although androgens have been considered to be
2023-10-24
Breast Cancer: Although androgens have been considered to be a risk factor in prostate cancer they have been recommended to treat breast cancers. Even before the discovery of SERMs and aromatase inhibitors, steroidal androgens such as medroxyprogesterone and fluoxymesterone were used to treat breast
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Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate
2023-10-24
Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate AMPK Ser489 in response to high insulin levels [7], [21]. HepG2 lasofoxifene show an increase in phosphorylation of AMPK at Ser485 when incubated with either insulin or troglitazone individually (Fig. 5A and C). Despite this concurrent increase,
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Our research group has been involved by many
2023-10-24
Our research group has been involved by many years in the synthesis of new 2,3-benzodiazepin-4-ones (e.g. 1, Fig. 1) and in the characterization of their mechanism of action.15, 16, 17 Within the development of these compounds, we demonstrated that an improvement of AMPAR antagonism by 2,3-benzodiaz
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br MHCI peptide editing N terminal extensions and
2023-10-24
MHCI peptide editing, N-terminal extensions and the peptide loading complex Conventionally, peptide-MHCI binding is thought to require both amino- and carboxyl-termini for stable interaction (Madden, 1995; Bouvier and Wiley, 1994). Peptides with longer than optimal length (10–13 residues) have be
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The aldehyde reductase AKR A and
2023-10-24
The aldehyde reductase (AKR1A1) and aldose reductase (AKR1B1) belong to aldo-ketoreductase (AKR) superfamily catalyzing the reduction of corresponding aldehydes and ketones involved. Both the closely related enzymes AKR1A1 and AKR1B1 have 65% structural similarity and differ only at the active site.
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br Introduction Alcohol i e ethanol is absorbed into the
2023-10-24
Introduction Alcohol, i.e., ethanol, is absorbed into the blood from the stomach to the small intestine, then distributed throughout the body. The metabolism of alcohol converting to acetic colorimetric assay basically involves two enzymes; alcohol dehydrogenase converting ethanol to acetaldehyd
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These results from the present
2023-10-24
These results from the present study are summarized in Table 1. Eight drugs (doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, irinotecan, imatinib, sunitinib and gefitinib) inhibited 5-HT-induced 5-HT3A and 5-HT3AB currents; three (irinotecan, topotecan and mitoxantrone) showed different responses
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br Experimental procedure br Introduction Migraine is a
2023-10-24
Experimental procedure Introduction Migraine is a debilitating neurovascular disorder characterized by recurring unilateral pulsating headaches of moderate to severe intensity, associated with nausea, photophobia and/or phonophobia, lasting from 4 to 72 h (Headache Classification Committee of
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Small RhoGTPases are single domain
2023-10-24
Small RhoGTPases are single-domain nucleotide-dependent binary switches that act as highly-tuned regulators in signal transduction [1]. The cycling between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms allows RhoGTPases to bind to or to dissociate from downstream effectors, respectively [2]. Guanine
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In the present study the alternative
2023-10-23
In the present study, the alternative splicing of several nAChR subunits was identified in the oriental migratory locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen), a serious worldwide pest to agricultural production and also a model insect species [5]. Several α subunits were tried to co-express with ra
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MafB a member of the Maf
2023-10-23
MafB, a member of the Maf protein family, is essential for terminal differentiation of macrophages (Kelly et al., 2000). The phagocytic activity of polystyrene beads was found to be enhanced in 91 5 with exogenous expression of MafB (Tillmanns et al., 2007). However, in alveolar macrophages of domin
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Our results showed suppressed autophagy in
2023-10-23
Our results showed suppressed autophagy in GECs under HAGG stimulation. Recently, people have paid more attentions on the roles of autophagy in lupus and tried to use autophagy regulators for therapy. Rapamycin could prevent the development of nephritis [49] and attenuate the established nephritis [
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Maintaining the normal vaginal fluid acidity is
2023-10-23
Maintaining the normal vaginal fluid acidity is important for vaginal functions (Wagner and Levin 1984). Estrogen has been shown essential in maintaining the acidity of vaginal fluid, in which its deficiency could cause vaginal fluid pH to increase (Gorodeski et al. 2005). After menopause, low estro
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